Spanish 106 – Sra. Paternina
Exprésate – Capítulo 4.1
Vocabulario:
= Vocabulary:
- La mochila = Backpack
-
El lápiz = pencil
-
Los lápices = pencils
-
Cosas = things
-
El papel = paper
-
La clase = class
-
Las materias = school subjects
-
El bolígrafo = pen
-
La carpeta = folder
-
El cuaderno = notebook
-
Necesitar = To need
-
Seguro = sure
-
Un montón de papel = ton of paper
-
La regla = ruler
-
La calculadora = calculator
-
El reloj = watch
-
Los relojes = watches
-
Los zapatos = shoes
-
Las botas = boots
-
La ropa = clothes
-
La camisa = shirt
-
Las matemáticas = math
-
Horario = schedule
-
La historia = history
-
Las ciencias = science
-
El alemán = German
-
El francés = French
-
La química = chemistry
-
El arte = art
-
La biología = biology
-
La educación Física = Physical education
-
El almuerzo = Lunch
-
El ingles = English
-
El diccionario = Dictionary
-
El español = Spanish
-
Taller = Workshop
-
Algo = something – anything
-
Nada = nothing – anything
-
Después = after
-
Primero = first
-
Esta tarde = this afternoon
-
Ordenador = computer (Spain)
-
La computadora = computer (hisp.)
-
Informática = computer class (Spain)
-
La computación = computer class (hisp.)
-
Los útiles escolares = school supplies
-
Preferida = my favorite one
-
Difícil = difficult - hard
-
Fácil = easy
-
Tener = To have
-
Necesitar = To need
Expresiones:
-
¿Necesitas algo para el colegio? = Do you need
anything for school?
-
Si, necesito muchas cosas = Yes, I need a lot
of things
-
¿Necesitas algo para la clase de arte? = Do
you need anything for art class?
-
No, no necesito nada = No, I don’t need
anything
-
¿Necesitas una calculadora? = Do you need a
calculator?
-
Si, necesito una calculadora = yes, I need a
calculator
-
¿Tienes carpetas? = Do you have folders?
-
Si, tengo un montón = Yes, I have a ton of
them
-
No, no tengo = No, I don’t have any
-
¿Que clases tienes esta tarde después del almuerzo?
= What classes do
you have this afternoon alter lunch?
-
Primero tengo español y después tengo
informática = First
I have Spanish and afterwards I have computer class.
-
¿Cuál es tu material preferida? = What is your favorite subject?
-
Mi material preferida es matemáticas. Es
fácil. = My
favorite subject is math. It’s easy.
-
No me gusta la clase de ingles porque es difícil
= I don’t like
English because it is hard.
El artículo indefinido = the indefinite article: It is used to talk about a non
specific noun. It agrees in gender and number with the noun. It can sometimes
be left out for plural nouns.
Singular Plural
|
Masculino |
Un
(a, an) un libro. A book |
Unos(some)
unos libros. Some books |
|
Femenino |
Una(a,
an) una silla. A chair |
Unas (some) unas sillas. Some
chairs |
El artículo definido = The definite
article: It is used to talk about an specific
noun. It agrees in gender and number with the noun.
Singular plural
|
Masculino |
El Libro. The book. |
Los libros. The books. |
|
Femenino |
La silla. The chair. |
Las sillas. The chairs. |
Words like: ¿Cuánto? – Mucho – Poco: These words always have to agree in gender and number with the noun
in the sentence.
Masculino Femenino
|
Singular |
¿Cuánto? = How much Mucho
= much – a lot of Poco
= little – not much |
¿Cuánta? = How much Mucha
= much – a lot of Poca
= little – not much |
|
Plural |
¿Cuántos?
= How many Muchos
= many– a lot of Pocos
= few – not many |
¿Cuántas? – How many muchas
= many-a lot of pocas
= few not many |
Masculino Femenino
|
Singular |
¿Cuánto? = How much |
¿Cuánta? = How much |
|
Plural |
¿Cuántos? = How many |
¿Cuántas? = How many |
¿Cuánta
tarea tienes? = How much homework do you have?
¿Cuántos lápices tengo? = How many pencils do I have?
Masculine Femenino
|
Singular |
Mucho = much – a lot of |
Mucha
= much – a lot of |
|
Plural |
Muchos
= many– a lot of |
Muchas
= many – a lot of |
Tengo
muchos lápices = I have a lot of pencils
Tengo
mucho papel = I have a lot of paper.
Masculino Femenino
|
Singular |
Poco
= little – not much |
Poca
= little – not much |
|
Plural |
Pocos
= few – not many |
Pocas
= few – not many |
Hay
poca tarea hoy = There is very little homework today
Tengo
pocos lápices = I don’t have many pencils
Tener: To have (but not always!) It is
an “-er” verb and a stem changing verb. It has an irregular “yo” form. It
follows the stem changing verb rule =
e à
-ie
|
Yo tengo |
Nosotros/as tenemos |
|
Tú tienes |
Vosotros/as tenéis |
|
Él/ella
usted tiene |
Ellos/as
ustedes tienen |
Tener is also use in these ways which
are called idioms or expressions.
There are five of them:
-
Tener que + infinitivo = To have to do something à Tengo que estudiar mucho.
-
Tener ganas de + infinitivo = To feel like doing something
à Tengo
ganas de ir a la playa.
-
Tener prisa = to be in a hurry.
-
Tener hambre = to be hungry.
-
Tener sed = to be thirsty.
Tengo prisa, tengo que ir a una práctica de baloncesto.
Tengo mucha hambre y poca sed.
Venir: To come. It is an “-ir” verb and a stem changing verb.
It has an irregular “yo” form. The rest follows the stem changing verb rules –e
à
-ie
|
Yo vengo |
Nosotros/as venimos |
|
Tú vienes |
Vosotros/as venís |
|
Él/ella
usted viene |
Ellos/as
ustedes vienen |
To say
at what time something happens, put the preposition a before the time:
-
Vengo a las cinco de la tarde = I’m
coming at five in the afternoon
-
¿A qué hora vienes? = At
what time are you coming?
-
¿A qué hora tienes clase de español? = At what time do you have Spanish class?
-
Tengo
clase de español a las once de la mañana = I have Spanish class at eleven in the morning.
-
¿A qué hora vienes al colegio? = At what time do you come to school?